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Conference paper
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Date
2020
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2018
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Models of Transformative Decision-Making
Deciding to undergo a transformative experience present unique challenges for a reasonable decision-maker, and for any attempt to give …
Samuel Zimmerman
,
Tomer Ullman
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DOI
The fine structure of surprise in intuitive physics: when, why, and how much?
We are surprised when events violate our intuitive physical expectations. Even infants look longer when things seem to magically …
Kevin A Smith
,
Lingjie Mei
,
Shunyu Yao
,
Jiajun Wu
,
Elizabeth Spelke
,
Joshua B Tenenbaum
,
Tomer D Ullman
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Look before you leap: Quantitative tradeoffs between peril and reward in action understanding
When we reason about the goals of others, how do we balance the positive outcomes that actions led to, with the potentially bad ways …
Nensi Gjata
,
Tomer D Ullman
,
Elizabeth Spelke
,
Shari Liu
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Project
Adventures in Flatland: Perceiving Social Interactions Under Physical Dynamics
People make fast, spontaneous, and consistent judgements of social situations, even in complex physical contexts with multiple-body …
Tianmin Shu
,
Marta Kryven
,
Tomer D Ullman
,
Joshua B Tenenbaum
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Draping an Elephant: Uncovering Children's Reasoning About Cloth-Covered Objects
Humans have an intuitive understanding of physics. They can predict how a physical scene will unfold, and reason about how it came to …
Tomer Ullman
,
Eliza Kosoy
,
Ilker Yildirim
,
Amir Arsalan Soltani
,
Max H Siegel
,
Josh Tenenbaum
,
Elizabeth S Spelke
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Heroes of our own story: Self-image and rationalizing in thought experiments
Cushman’s rationalization account can be extended to cover another part of his portrayal of representational exchange: thought …
Tomer David Ullman
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DOI
Modeling Expectation Violation in Intuitive Physics with Coarse Probabilistic Object Representations
From infancy, humans have expectations about how objects will move and interact. Even young children expect objects not to move through …
Kevin Smith
,
Lingjie Mei
,
Shunyu Yao
,
Jiajun Wu
,
Elizabeth Spelke
,
Josh Tenenbaum
,
Tomer Ullman
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Project
Video
Transformative Decisions and Their Discontents
In this commentary we engage with Paul’s
Transformative Experience
as it relates to decision making. We consider why deciding whether …
John P McCoy
,
Tomer Ullman
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DOI
Modal Prospection
Drawing together the metaphysics of counterfactuals with empirical work on intuitive judgments, this chapter discusses the nature of …
John McCoy
,
L Paul
,
Tomer Ullman
,
AI Goldman
,
BP McLaughlin
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DOI
Sticking to the Evidence? A Behavioral and Computational Case Study of Micro-Theory Change in the Domain of Magnetism
Constructing an intuitive theory from data confronts learners with a “chicken‐and‐egg” problem: The laws can only be expressed in terms …
Elizabeth Bonawitz
,
Tomer D Ullman
,
Sophie Bridgers
,
Alison Gopnik
,
Joshua B Tenenbaum
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DOI
People's perception of others' risk preferences
Our everyday decisions are driven by costs, risk, and reward. How do people take these factors into account when they predict and …
Shari Liu
,
John McCoy
,
Tomer D Ullman
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Judgments of effort for magical violations of intuitive physics
People spend much of their time in imaginary worlds, and have beliefs about the events that are likely in those worlds, and the laws …
John McCoy
,
Tomer Ullman
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Project
DOI
Lucky or clever? From expectations to responsibility judgments
How do people hold others responsible for the consequences of their actions? We propose a computational model that attributes …
Tobias Gerstenberg
,
Tomer D Ullman
,
Jonas Nagel
,
Max Kleiman-Weiner
,
David A Lagnado
,
Joshua B Tenenbaum
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Code
Project
DOI
A Minimal Turing Test
We introduce the Minimal Turing Test, an experimental paradigm for studying perceptions and meta-perceptions of different social groups …
John P McCoy
,
Tomer D Ullman
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Code
DOI
Ten-month-old infants infer the value of goals from the costs of actions
Infants understand that people pursue goals, but how do they learn which goals people prefer? We tested whether infants solve this …
Shari Liu
,
Tomer D Ullman
,
Joshua B Tenenbaum
,
Elizabeth S Spelke
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Project
DOI
Ingredients of intelligence: From classic debates to an engineering roadmap
We were encouraged by the broad enthusiasm for building machines that learn and think in more human-like ways. Many commentators saw …
Brenden M Lake
,
Tomer D Ullman
,
Joshua B Tenenbaum
,
Samuel J Gershman
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DOI
Learning physical parameters from dynamic scenes
Humans acquire their most basic physical concepts early in development, and continue to enrich and expand their intuitive physics …
Tomer D Ullman
,
Andreas Stuhlmüller
,
Noah D Goodman
,
Joshua B Tenenbaum
PDF
Cite
DOI
Weight matters: The role of physical weight in non-physical language across age and culture
Languages commonly use physical properties to discuss non-physical states and events in the world. We investigate the degree to which …
Tomer Ullman
,
Santiago Alonso-Diaz
,
Stephen Ferrigno
,
Sarina Zahid
,
Celeste Kidd
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Code
Thinking and Guessing: Bayesian and Empirical Models of How Humans Search.
Searching natural environments, as for example, when foraging or looking for a landmark, combines reasoning under uncertainty, planning …
Marta Kryven
,
Tomer Ullman
,
William Cowan
,
Josh Tenenbaum
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What's worth the effort: Ten-month-old infants infer the value of goals from the costs of actions
Infants understand that people act in order to achieve their goals, but how can they tell what goals people find worthwhile? Here, we …
Shari Liu
,
Tomer D Ullman
,
Joshua B Tenenbaum
,
Elizabeth S Spelke
PDF
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Mind Games: Game Engines as an Architecture for Intuitive Physics
We explore the hypothesis that many intuitive physical inferences are based on a mental physics engine that is analogous in many ways …
Tomer D Ullman
,
Elizabeth Spelke
,
Peter Battaglia
,
Joshua B Tenenbaum
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DOI
A Compositional Object-Based Approach to Learning Physical Dynamics
We present the Neural Physics Engine (NPE), a framework for learning simulators of intuitive physics that naturally generalize across …
Michael B Chang
,
Tomer Ullman
,
Antonio Torralba
,
Joshua B Tenenbaum
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Code
Project
Poster
Video
Building machines that learn and think like people
Recent progress in artificial intelligence has renewed interest in building systems that learn and think like people. Many advances …
Brenden M Lake
,
Tomer D Ullman
,
Joshua B Tenenbaum
,
Samuel J Gershman
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DOI
The Pragmatics of Spatial Language
How do people understand the pragmatics of spatial language? We propose a rational-speech act model for spatial reasoning, and apply it …
Tomer Ullman
,
Yang Xu
,
Noah D Goodman
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Code
Outcome or Strategy? A Bayesian Model of Intelligence Attribution.
People have a common-sense notion of intelligence and use it to evaluate decisions and decision-makers. One can attribute intelligence …
Marta Kryven
,
Tomer Ullman
,
William Cowan
,
Josh Tenenbaum
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Coalescing the Vapors of Human Experience into a Viable and Meaningful Comprehension.
Models of learning concepts or theories often invoke a stochastic search process, in which learners generate hypotheses through some …
Tomer Ullman
,
Max H Siegel
,
Josh Tenenbaum
,
Samuel Gershman
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On the nature and origin of intuitive theories: Learning, physics and psychology
his thesis develops formal computational models of intuitive theories, in particular intuitive physics and intuitive psychology, which …
Tomer David Ullman
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DOI
Wins above replacement: Responsibility attributions as counterfactual replacements
In order to be held responsible, a person’s action has to have made some sort of difference to the outcome. In this paper, we …
Tobias Gerstenberg
,
Tomer Ullman
,
Max Kleiman-Weiner
,
David Lagnado
,
Josh Tenenbaum
PDF
Cite
Source Document
DOI
Learning physics from dynamical scenes
Humans acquire their most basic physical concepts early in development, but continue to enrich and expand their intuitive physics …
Tomer Ullman
,
Andreas Stuhlmüller
,
Noah Goodman
,
Joshua B Tenenbaum
PDF
Cite
Code
Sticking to the Evidence? A computational and behavioral case study of micro-theory change in the domain of magnetism
An intuitive theory is a system of abstract concepts and laws relating those concepts that together provide a framework for explaining …
Elizabeth Bonawitz
,
Tomer Ullman
,
Alison Gopnik
,
Josh Tenenbaum
Cite
DOI
Theory learning as stochastic search in the language of thought
We present an algorithmic model for the development of children’s intuitive theories within a hierarchical Bayesian framework, …
Tomer D Ullman
,
Noah D Goodman
,
Joshua B Tenenbaum
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Code
Why blame Bob? Probabilistic generative models, counterfactual reasoning, and blame attribution
We consider an approach to blame attribution based on counterfactual reasoning in probabilistic generative models. In this view, people …
John McCoy
,
Tomer Ullman
,
Andreas Stuhlmüller
,
Tobias Gerstenberg
,
Joshua Tenenbaum
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The mentalistic basis of core social cognition: experiments in preverbal infants and a computational model
Evaluating individuals based on their pro- and anti-social behaviors is fundamental to successful human interaction. Recent research …
J Kiley Hamlin
,
Tomer Ullman
,
Josh Tenenbaum
,
Noah Goodman
,
Chris Baker
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Video
DOI
Learning a Theory of Causality
The very early appearance of abstract knowledge is often taken as evidence for innateness. We explore the relative learning speeds of …
Noah D Goodman
,
Tomer D Ullman
,
Joshua B Tenenbaum
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DOI
Help or Hinder: Bayesian Models of Social Goal Inference
Everyday social interactions are heavily influenced by our snap judgments about others goals. Even young infants can infer the goals of …
Tomer Ullman
,
Chris Baker
,
Owen Macindoe
,
Owain Evans
,
Noah Goodman
,
Joshua B Tenenbaum
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Code
Learning a Theory of Causality
We consider causality as a domain-general intuitive theory and ask whether this intuitive theory can be learned from cooccurrence of …
Noah D Goodman
,
Tomer D Ullman
,
Joshua B Tenenbaum
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